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Frequently Asked Questions
What is Research Square?
Research Square is a multidisciplinary preprint platform developed and operated by a company of the same name. The platform allows researchers to share their work early, gain feedback, and improve a paper before submission to a journal.
Preprints are preliminary reports that have not undergone peer review. They should not be considered conclusive, used to inform clinical practice, or referenced by the media as validated information.
How do I know my work won’t be stolen?
As soon as your DOI is issued, your work is time stamped and becomes a permanent part of the scholarly record.
Will posting a preprint on Research Square impact the editor’s decision when I submit to a journal?
Many journals allow and even encourage posting a preprint prior to submission. A list of journal policies can be found on Wikipedia and SHERPA/RoMEO. Consult these lists and your target journal’s author guidelines before submitting your preprint.
What are the benefits of posting early?
Posting your work early allows you to register your discovery prior to publication in a journal. A DOI timestamps your work, and once public, your preprint can be cited, commented on, and shared by you or others.
Most importantly, posting your work early means discoveries are shared more quickly, allowing others to build off your work and science to move more quickly. A commentary on the benefits of preprints in the life sciences can be found here: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/352/6288/899.
What does it cost to submit my manuscript to Research Square?
Submitting to Research Square is free.
Can I post my paper on another preprint server after posting to Research Square?
When you post to a preprint server you retain full copyright over your paper and are free to post it in as many places as you like. However, having more than one version in different places reduces the usage counts, dilutes metrics obtained here and on other sites and creates unnecessary redundancy in the scholarly record.
How are preprints on Research Square licensed?
Research Square preprints are published under a CC-BY 4.0 license, meaning the author retains full copyright for their work. Readers are able to reuse the content under the rules of the CC-BY license.
Why was my submission not approved for posting on Research Square?
When a preprint is submitted, it undergoes a series of checks to ensure it is suitable to be posted on the platform. These checks include:
If we feel your paper does not pass all of these checks, we may decide not to post it, in which case you will receive an email informing you of our decision. Decisions to withhold posting cannot be appealed.
Will purchasing language editing services from AJE or other services from Research Square affect whether my manuscript is posted on Research Square?
While many of the language services and editorial services offered at AJE and Research Square will improve the quality of your paper, ultimately, whether a service has been purchased will have no bearing on whether your preprint is posted.
What is the relationship between AJE and Research Square?
The use of these services in preparing your manuscript does not guarantee posting on Research Square.
What types of articles do you accept?
We do not accept literature reviews, hypotheses, opinions, theories or commentaries.
How is Research Square different from other preprints?
Research Square features all the characteristics of a traditional preprint server but with some notable differences:
Does Research Square have an Impact Factor?
No. Research Square is a preprint platform and is therefore not listed in the Web of Science. Articles can still be cited, however, and citations will be counted by Google Scholar and Crossref.
How do I submit a preprint?
Click Submit a preprint, create an account, and then follow the instructions to upload your manuscript and figures. After you submit your paper to Research Square, it will be checked by our editorial staff to ensure it meets our requirements for online posting. We’ll email you when your paper is posted online and ready to be shared. At that time, you’ll receive a DOI and a link to the public version of your preprint to share with others.
What are Research Square’s editorial policies?
Read our full editorial policies here.
What is a DOI and why do I need one?
A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a persistent, unique string of characters associated with an online document, indicating that it has been published online and is part of the scholarly record. This means the work can be cited by other researchers in the knowledge that the cited article will be permanently available through the DOI link.
DOIs from Research Square are issued through Crossref, who have a specific DOI structure for preprints. This allows them to be linked to the final published journal article.
How do I cite my paper once it’s been posted as a preprint?
Whichever reference style you use, the citation should make clear that the paper is a preprint and not yet part of the published literature. We suggest the following format:
How do I submit a revised version of my preprint to Research Square?
To upload a revision, simply log into your account and select ‘Edit Submission.’
How can I get others to comment on my preprint?
Once your paper is posted online, use the share icons in your author dashboard to share on social media or through email. You can reply to comments and engage with the community directly. You can also flag comments you find inappropriate. Read more about how to make the most of your preprint using social media here.
How can I comment on other preprints?
Comments allow the community to provide transparent feedback to authors about their preprint. Comments can include constructive feedback on the methods, conclusions, statistics, impact, or any other aspect of the work. Comments that are deemed to be inappropriate or promotional in nature may be moderated and removed.
Readers can also comment on specific words, sentences, or sections of the text by simply highlighting the text and selecting «annotate» using the hypothes.is annotation tool.
What is In Review?
In Review is a free preprint service that gives authors the option to have their paper posted online at the time of submission to select journals. Powered by Research Square and developed in partnership with Springer Nature, In Review also gives authors and readers access to the status of a manuscript via a peer review timeline while the paper is under review at the journal.
Click here for more information about In Review or view participating journals.
What is Research Square’s long term content preservation strategy?
All content on Research Square is permanently archived in Portico, a not-for-profit organization committed to the long-term preservation of scholarly content.
What is the relationship between Research Square and Springer Nature?
Springer Nature is an investor in Research Square. Both companies have a long-standing relationship based on our shared commitment to providing high-quality services to global researchers. We began formally working together in 2008 through Research Square’s sister company, AJE, and have continued to co-develop innovative products and services for the global research community. (For more about Springer Nature and AJE’s relationship, see here). Most recently, our partnership led to the launch of In Review. This journal-integrated preprint service gives authors the option to post their paper as a preprint at the time of submission to a journal and track its status in real time through peer review. For more information about In Review, including a list of participating journals, see here.
A shared commitment to global researcher
Our partnership with Springer Nature allows us to support more researchers at various stages of the publishing lifecycle – from preprint to post-publication – and ultimately helps us accomplish our mission to make research square communication faster, fairer, and more useful.
Preprints
Following the launch of In Review in 2018, Research Square began accepting direct submissions to the platform in 2019. In Review is currently available on many Springer Nature journals with plans to include the service on more journals over time. The service is free to authors and all content is free to read and download.
I have a concern about one of the preprints on the platform. Who should I contact?
Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal.
As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing.
Research Square Preprints
Share and discover new research
Research Square is a multidisciplinary preprint and author services platform. You can share your work early in the form of a preprint, gain feedback from the community, and use our tools and services to improve your paper. You can also learn about breakthroughs in your field and find potential collaborators.
Share your research early and receive feedback from the community.
Research Square allows you to get credit and gain visibility for your work as soon as you feel it’s ready. Post your results online as a preprint, gain early feedback, and start making changes prior to peer review in a journal. Get started here.
Get access to the latest research and comment on emerging science.
Preprinting allows authors to release their findings with other researchers and the public immediately. In situations like the COVID-19 pandemic, the ability to share results right away has been essential for the rapid communication of information. Browse preprints here.
Show the journal that is considering your work on your preprint and track your manuscript through peer review.
In Review is a free journal-integrated preprint service offered to authors at participating journals. Authors can opt to have their manuscript automatically posted online in the form of a preprint with a DOI. Learn more here.
» Research Square is a great interactive forum before publication. It also increases citations, as well as reaches more audiences even before publication. «
In Review Author
More Questions
What is Research Square?
Research Square is a multidisciplinary preprint platform developed and operated by a company of the same name. The platform allows researchers to share their work early, gain feedback, and improve a paper before submission to a journal.
Preprints are preliminary reports that have not undergone peer review. They should not be considered conclusive, used to inform clinical practice, or referenced by the media as validated information.
How do I know my work won’t be stolen?
As soon as your DOI is issued, your work is time stamped and becomes a permanent part of the scholarly record.
Will posting a preprint on Research Square impact the editor’s decision when I submit to a journal?
Many journals allow and even encourage posting a preprint prior to submission. A list of journal policies can be found on Wikipedia and SHERPA/RoMEO. Consult these lists and your target journal’s author guidelines before submitting your preprint.
What are the benefits of posting early?
Posting your work early allows you to register your discovery prior to publication in a journal. A DOI timestamps your work, and once public, your preprint can be cited, commented on, and shared by you or others.
Most importantly, posting your work early means discoveries are shared more quickly, allowing others to build off your work and science to move more quickly. A commentary on the benefits of preprints in the life sciences can be found here: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/352/6288/899.
What does it cost to submit my manuscript to Research Square?
Submitting to Research Square is free.
Can I post my paper on another preprint server after posting to Research Square?
When you post to a preprint server you retain full copyright over your paper and are free to post it in as many places as you like. However, having more than one version in different places reduces the usage counts, dilutes metrics obtained here and on other sites and creates unnecessary redundancy in the scholarly record.
How are preprints on Research Square licensed?
Research Square preprints are published under a CC-BY 4.0 license, meaning the author retains full copyright for their work. Readers are able to reuse the content under the rules of the CC-BY license.
Why was my submission not approved for posting on Research Square?
When a preprint is submitted, it undergoes a series of checks to ensure it is suitable to be posted on the platform. These checks include:
If we feel your paper does not pass all of these checks, we may decide not to post it, in which case you will receive an email informing you of our decision. Decisions to withhold posting cannot be appealed.
Will purchasing language editing services from AJE or other services from Research Square affect whether my manuscript is posted on Research Square?
While many of the language services and editorial services offered at AJE and Research Square will improve the quality of your paper, ultimately, whether a service has been purchased will have no bearing on whether your preprint is posted.
What is the relationship between AJE and Research Square?
The use of these services in preparing your manuscript does not guarantee posting on Research Square.
What types of articles do you accept?
We do not accept literature reviews, hypotheses, opinions, theories or commentaries.
How is Research Square different from other preprints?
Research Square features all the characteristics of a traditional preprint server but with some notable differences:
Does Research Square have an Impact Factor?
No. Research Square is a preprint platform and is therefore not listed in the Web of Science. Articles can still be cited, however, and citations will be counted by Google Scholar and Crossref.
How do I submit a preprint?
Click Submit a preprint, create an account, and then follow the instructions to upload your manuscript and figures. After you submit your paper to Research Square, it will be checked by our editorial staff to ensure it meets our requirements for online posting. We’ll email you when your paper is posted online and ready to be shared. At that time, you’ll receive a DOI and a link to the public version of your preprint to share with others.
What are Research Square’s editorial policies?
Read our full editorial policies here.
What is a DOI and why do I need one?
A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a persistent, unique string of characters associated with an online document, indicating that it has been published online and is part of the scholarly record. This means the work can be cited by other researchers in the knowledge that the cited article will be permanently available through the DOI link.
DOIs from Research Square are issued through Crossref, who have a specific DOI structure for preprints. This allows them to be linked to the final published journal article.
How do I cite my paper once it’s been posted as a preprint?
Whichever reference style you use, the citation should make clear that the paper is a preprint and not yet part of the published literature. We suggest the following format:
How do I submit a revised version of my preprint to Research Square?
To upload a revision, simply log into your account and select ‘Edit Submission.’
How can I get others to comment on my preprint?
Once your paper is posted online, use the share icons in your author dashboard to share on social media or through email. You can reply to comments and engage with the community directly. You can also flag comments you find inappropriate. Read more about how to make the most of your preprint using social media here.
How can I comment on other preprints?
Comments allow the community to provide transparent feedback to authors about their preprint. Comments can include constructive feedback on the methods, conclusions, statistics, impact, or any other aspect of the work. Comments that are deemed to be inappropriate or promotional in nature may be moderated and removed.
Readers can also comment on specific words, sentences, or sections of the text by simply highlighting the text and selecting «annotate» using the hypothes.is annotation tool.
What is In Review?
In Review is a free preprint service that gives authors the option to have their paper posted online at the time of submission to select journals. Powered by Research Square and developed in partnership with Springer Nature, In Review also gives authors and readers access to the status of a manuscript via a peer review timeline while the paper is under review at the journal.
Click here for more information about In Review or view participating journals.
What is Research Square’s long term content preservation strategy?
All content on Research Square is permanently archived in Portico, a not-for-profit organization committed to the long-term preservation of scholarly content.
What is the relationship between Research Square and Springer Nature?
Springer Nature is an investor in Research Square. Both companies have a long-standing relationship based on our shared commitment to providing high-quality services to global researchers. We began formally working together in 2008 through Research Square’s sister company, AJE, and have continued to co-develop innovative products and services for the global research community. (For more about Springer Nature and AJE’s relationship, see here). Most recently, our partnership led to the launch of In Review. This journal-integrated preprint service gives authors the option to post their paper as a preprint at the time of submission to a journal and track its status in real time through peer review. For more information about In Review, including a list of participating journals, see here. \ \ A shared commitment to global researcher \ Our partnership with Springer Nature allows us to support more researchers at various stages of the publishing lifecycle – from preprint to post-publication – and ultimately helps us accomplish our mission to make research square communication faster, fairer, and more useful. \ \ Preprints \ Following the launch of In Review in 2018, Research Square began accepting direct submissions to the platform in 2019. In Review is currently available on many Springer Nature journals with plans to include the service on more journals over time. The service is free to authors and all content is free to read and download.
I have a concern about one of the preprints on the platform. Who should I contact?
Tools & Services
A staging ground for research
We offer a variety of tools and services to help you communicate your research. Upload a draft to Research Square to improve, and share your manuscript.
Language Quality
Digital Editing
Understand where your language quality stands
Download your Digital Edit in under 10 minutes
Professional Editing
Get your manuscript ready for publication
US-educated PhDs provide the highest quality manuscript preparation
Reporting Standards
Badges
Signal that your paper meets established standards
Identify improvements needed to meet these standards
Research Dissemination
Research Promotion
Ensure your work gets the attention it deserves
Communicate your research to a broader audience
Journal Selection
Use your abstract or top keywords to receive journal recommendations
Search, sort, filter, and compare journals
» AJE provided professional and extraordinarily pristine editing for my research paper. I recently received notice that my manuscript was accepted without further revision after going through a double-blind peer-review. When it comes to professional, expert, quality editing, I highly recommend AJE. «
M. Chambers
AJE Customer, United States
Learn more about what sets AJE apart.
Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal.
As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing.
Professional Editing
From the lab to a publication-ready manuscript
Get your manuscript ready for publication with professional editing, formatting, and table & figure services. American Journal Experts (AJE) is the largest author services company in the world, and has supported over 600,000 manuscripts from researchers in 140 countries.
AJE Services
Our team of US-educated PhDs provides the highest quality manuscript preparation services to help researchers get their work ready for submission to English-language journals. From English language editing, to formatting, to figure preparation, we’re committed to your success no matter where you are in your research.
English Editing
Language editing by an expert in your field
Show More
Whether you’re submitting a 300-word abstract or a 50,000-word thesis, our staff specializes in language editing and will carefully correct any errors in spelling, grammar, and word choice. After our work is completed, the text in your paper will be ready for publication.
Correct grammar, phrasing, language, and punctuation
Maintain author’s meaning, structure, & logic
Optimize writing style and flow
Native English speaker with an advanced degree
Guaranteed experience in your research field
Premium-trained to focus on meeting our highest quality standards
Personal support from a Research Communication Partner
Unlimited follow-up questions on your paper
AJE Editing Certificate
Manuscript Formatting
Formatting to match your target journal
Show More
Update your page layout, text formatting, headings, title page, image placement, and citations/references to meet the guidelines of your target journal
Check the accuracy of your references
Indicate if you need to revise the paper so your title, running head, abstract, main text, and figure legends comply with the journal’s word count restrictions
You can ask an unlimited number of questions about the formatting of your paper
Figure & Table Services
Publication-ready figures to display your results
Show More
Our Figure Preparation and Table Formatting services generate publication-ready figures and tables from your files that conform to your chosen journal’s specifications.
Update file type, resolution, color space, font, scale, line weights, and layout of your figures to improve readability and professional appearance.
Improve layout, font, spacing, borders, and shading of your tables to accurately and efficiently communicate your results
More about AJE
Who are your editors?
Our editors have or are currently completing a Masters, Ph.D. or M.D. degree from one of the top research universities in the U.S. They are all native English speakers and must meet rigorous selection standards.
What is the difference between Digital Editing and Professional Editing?
Digital editing relies entirely on machine learning to make changes to the paper based on a model trained on millions of technical edits. The process takes under 10 minutes to complete, changes are tracked for review by the author, and the paper’s formatting is preserved. Because there is no human evaluation of the edits, the changes should be reviewed to ensure that the meaning remains intact.
Professional editing is performed by an editor with an advanced degree, matched to the paper by field of study. Edits take 2-6 days to complete, and authors can select their desired service level depending on their publishing goals. Professional editing includes a 100% satisfaction guarantee and best-in-class customer support to help authors navigate all aspects of the publication process.
What is the AJE Editing Certificate?
AJE will provide a certificate confirming that your paper was edited by AJE. Assuming that any changes we proposed are incorporated into the manuscript, the certificate guarantees that the English quality of your manuscript is appropriate for peer review. If your paper does not earn a certificate after one round of editing, we will be happy to work with you to improve the language until the paper qualifies for a certificate.
What is an AJE Research Communication Partner?
Research Communication Partners (RCPs) are experts in their field who have a thorough knowledge of the publication process. They are well versed in all of AJE’s services and can help you understand which services will best fit your needs. If you have questions, concerns, or special requests, your RCP will provide personalized support, listen to your concerns, and help you until your paper is successfully published. All of our RCPs have previous experience as AJE editors or quality control editors, so if you have any questions about the changes your editor made, your RCP can provide explanations. In addition, if you purchase Premium Editing, you will receive personalized access to an RCP who will contact you to introduce themselves and listen to any concerns or questions you might have about our services, the editing process or the publication process.
What is the difference between formatting and editing?
Our formatters do not perform language editing (correction of grammar, phrasing, and word choice errors). Instead, they ensure that your manuscript is in agreement with journal guidelines. This includes layout; font; spacing between sections and lines of text; citations and references; formatting of headings and a check to ensure that all required sections are present; title page check; checking of word count, image number, and reference number limits and noting overages; and ensuring appropriate placement of tables and figures.
My manuscript contains tables. Do I need to order Figure Formatting?
Our formatters do not perform language editing (correction of grammar, phrasing, and word choice errors). Instead, they ensure that your manuscript is in agreement with journal guidelines. This includes layout; font; spacing between sections and lines of text; citations and references; formatting of headings and a check to ensure that all required sections are present; title page check; checking of word count, image number, and reference number limits and noting overages; and ensuring appropriate placement of tables and figures.
» AJE provided professional and extraordinarily pristine editing for my research paper. I recently received notice that my manuscript was accepted without further revision after going through a double-blind peer-review. When it comes to professional, expert, quality editing, I highly recommend AJE. «